US Robotics USR2410 Bedienungsanleitung PDF herunterladen (Seite 16)

The network layer is in charge of inter-network packet transmission. The Internet protocol (IP) is

the standard network layer protocol for the Internet. It defines an IP address unique to each

system on a network.

The network interface layer is used to transmit packets within a local area network at a hardware

and software level. Each network device has a hardware address, or MAC address, unique to it.

The Ethernet protocol is used to address packets to specific systems on a local area network. This

is done for both wired and wireless networks. In order to keep track of information, each layer

adds a header to the data packet. An example of this is shown in Figure 2-2. [1]

Figure 2-2: Generalized Packet Example

2.2

Networks and Router Overview

Basic networking concepts need to be discussed, as these concepts are important to the project. A

network is a collection of computers connected by a physical medium. Most networks contain a

small number of systems, and can only access systems local to their network, these are called

local area networks(LAN). For these systems to access external resources such as the Internet, a

router is needed. Routers act as a junction between two networks, transferring data packets

between them. As the addressing of these networks can be different, translations are needed, and

are performed by the router in a process called network address translation (NAT) as shown here

in Figure 2-3. [2]

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US Robotics USR2410 Bedienungsanleitung Seite 16